HTML consists of statements that define a Web page's elements, controls and appearance. You can place text anywhere inside the body of an HTML document. Unfortunately, browsers remove extra spacing between words in a text string. This increases the time it takes to format some elements such as the HTML marquee. A marquee displays scrolling text that moves across a Web page. To add spaces to text in a marquee, use JavaScript to replace regular spaces with special characters that the browser will not remove.
Open Notepad. Paste this HTML code into an empty document:
This creates a Marquee that contains no text.
Add the following JavaScript function after the "
" tag:</p>
</div>
<div class="section section-13">
<p>function set Marquee() {</p>
</div>
<div class="section section-14">
<p>This function sets the marquee text. The variable "originalText" holds the text string that you want to appear in the marquee. In this example, that text is "Marquee String Text." Add as many spaces as you like between the words or characters. "MarqueeID" holds the ID of the marquee. The "replace" method replaces the blanks in the text string with the special HTML character stored in "blankCharacter." The last statement adds the modified text to the marquee object.</p>
</div>
<div class="section section-15">
<p>Add this JavaScript code after the previous code:</p>
</div>
<div class="section section-16">
<p>This calls the set Marquee function after the Web page loads.</p>
</div>
<div class="section section-17">
<p>Save the Notepad file with an .html extension. For example, if you want to name the file "Marquee Test," save it as "Marquee Test.html."</p>
</div>
<div class="section section-18">
<p>Open the file in your browser to verify that spaces exist between the words in the marquee's text.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div data-ad-unit-name="adsense-main" data-ad-unit-index="1" class="main-ad no-print"></div>
<div class="article-rcp-desktop">
<h2>Most recent</h2>
<div class="slider-container" data-slider>
<div class="slide-wrapper"></div>
<svg class="euk-logo" width="150px" viewBox="0 0 387 155" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<defs>
<path d="M36.4235115,120.78917 C27.6434414,77.2374047 26.292127,48.9449649 32.3695682,35.9118501 C41.4857301,16.3621779 64.921857,7.99641821 84.7156228,17.2264028 C104.509389,26.4563873 113.165297,49.7869088 104.049135,69.336581 C97.9716937,82.3696958 75.4298193,99.5205587 36.4235115,120.78917 Z" id="logo-path-1"></path>
</defs>
<g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd">
<g transform="translate(-0.817856, -0.640727)">
<path d="M224.46881,139.438983 L224.46881,121.494541 C224.46881,119.967347 224.812424,118.821968 225.499661,118.058371 C226.186898,117.294774 227.090475,116.912981 228.210417,116.912981 C229.381266,116.912981 230.310295,117.294774 230.997533,118.058371 C231.68477,118.821968 232.028384,119.967347 232.028384,121.494541 L232.028384,139.846233 C232.028384,141.933398 232.261702,143.676919 232.728344,145.076847 C233.194987,146.476775 234.022205,147.562763 235.210022,148.334845 C236.39784,149.106926 238.06076,149.492961 240.198832,149.492961 C243.151407,149.492961 245.238541,148.708165 246.460297,147.138549 C247.682052,145.568932 248.292921,143.18909 248.292921,139.998951 L248.292921,121.494541 C248.292921,119.950378 248.632292,118.800757 249.311045,118.045644 C249.989798,117.290532 250.897617,116.912981 252.034528,116.912981 C253.171439,116.912981 254.091984,117.290532 254.79619,118.045644 C255.500396,118.800757 255.852494,119.950378 255.852494,121.494541 L255.852494,139.438983 C255.852494,142.357621 255.568271,144.792611 254.999815,146.744025 C254.431359,148.69544 253.358097,150.409266 251.779997,151.885554 C250.422491,153.141247 248.844414,154.057549 247.045718,154.634489 C245.247023,155.211429 243.14292,155.499895 240.733347,155.499895 C237.865616,155.499895 235.396689,155.190219 233.326492,154.570857 C231.256296,153.951495 229.567923,152.99277 228.261323,151.694655 C226.954724,150.39654 225.996,148.73362 225.385122,146.705846 C224.774244,144.678071 224.46881,142.255808 224.46881,139.438983 Z M271.633422,121.494541 L271.633422,134.577439 L286.472585,119.101948 C287.185276,118.35532 287.791902,117.803842 288.292482,117.447496 C288.793063,117.091151 289.459079,116.912981 290.290551,116.912981 C291.376556,116.912981 292.25468,117.231142 292.924948,117.867473 C293.595217,118.503804 293.930346,119.280116 293.930346,120.196432 C293.930346,121.299406 293.361899,122.393879 292.224988,123.479883 L283.036415,132.184847 L293.624909,147.3549 C294.371537,148.406967 294.9315,149.327512 295.304814,150.116562 C295.678128,150.905613 295.864782,151.673441 295.864782,152.420069 C295.864782,153.251541 295.538137,153.972706 294.884838,154.583583 C294.231538,155.194461 293.34493,155.499895 292.224988,155.499895 C291.172921,155.499895 290.316008,155.275062 289.654224,154.825388 C288.99244,154.375714 288.432477,153.777572 287.974318,153.030944 C287.51616,152.284315 287.108915,151.605572 286.752569,150.994695 L277.818528,137.250016 L271.633422,143.18059 L271.633422,150.892882 C271.633422,152.454014 271.277082,153.612119 270.564392,154.367232 C269.851701,155.122344 268.935398,155.499895 267.815456,155.499895 C267.17064,155.499895 266.551288,155.330209 265.957379,154.990833 C265.36347,154.651456 264.905318,154.193305 264.582911,153.616365 C264.345347,153.141238 264.201114,152.589759 264.150208,151.961913 C264.099301,151.334066 264.073849,150.426248 264.073849,149.23843 L264.073849,121.494541 C264.073849,119.967347 264.408978,118.821968 265.079246,118.058371 C265.749515,117.294774 266.661576,116.912981 267.815456,116.912981 C268.952367,116.912981 269.872912,117.290532 270.577118,118.045644 C271.281324,118.800757 271.633422,119.950378 271.633422,121.494541 Z" fill="#FFFFFF"></path>
<g transform="translate(0.640856, 0.303395)" fill="#FBFBFB" fill-rule="nonzero">
<path d="M96.3097779,9.55401627 C96.3218384,7.28993604 95.4111103,5.1139177 93.7779496,3.50467604 C92.1447891,1.89543438 89.9229809,0.984794845 87.6013136,0.97309425 L83.7006473,0.97309425 C78.858718,0.997433901 74.9467621,4.8321238 74.9468264,9.55401627 L74.9468264,88.1092612 C74.9467621,92.8311536 78.858718,96.6658436 83.7006473,96.6901832 L87.5106004,96.6901832 C92.3452022,96.6901832 96.2644213,92.8681767 96.2644213,88.1534927 L96.2644213,9.55401627 L96.3097779,9.55401627 Z M221.176456,35.6506348 C206.720911,22.6090723 184.275382,23.0585422 170.38101,36.6678095 C156.486639,50.2770767 156.124143,72.1676252 169.560662,86.2073042 C184.016207,99.2488667 206.461736,98.7993968 220.356108,85.1901296 C234.250479,71.5808623 234.612975,49.6903139 221.176456,35.6506348 Z M195.368559,78.8648658 C185.224539,78.9862403 176.900147,71.065521 176.77517,61.1731195 C176.650194,51.2807178 184.771953,43.1624034 194.915961,43.0400236 C205.059969,42.917644 213.385185,50.8375383 213.511193,60.7299275 C213.511969,70.4155733 205.526566,78.3014797 195.595342,78.4225502 L195.368559,78.8648658 Z M151.372672,9.55401627 C151.372737,4.8321238 147.46078,0.997433901 142.618851,0.97309425 L138.808898,0.97309425 C136.474848,0.967466713 134.236173,1.87578325 132.595046,3.49429299 C130.960516,5.10751366 130.047328,7.28615023 130.055077,9.55401627 L130.055077,39.4103171 L99.3486691,39.4103171 C99.6837899,43.8142732 101.393202,48.0126718 104.24718,51.4413006 C108.094198,55.8340377 113.794867,58.2631616 119.713776,58.0318025 L130.055077,58.0318025 L130.055077,88.1092612 C130.059374,90.3834579 130.989248,92.5629807 132.640402,94.1689845 C134.281529,95.7874942 136.520204,96.6958108 138.854254,96.6901832 L142.664208,96.6901832 C147.506137,96.6658436 151.418092,92.8311536 151.418029,88.1092612 L151.418029,9.55401627 L151.372672,9.55401627 Z M331.3476,25.6985345 C330.275935,25.3721731 329.159268,25.2080819 328.03657,25.2119874 C323.487325,25.1735255 319.41891,27.9667884 317.922051,32.1563418 L306.945758,65.9050196 L296.241604,33.5275201 C295.483094,31.1845455 294.125053,29.0686202 292.295581,27.3793336 C290.511421,25.7598313 288.15613,24.8727644 285.718876,24.9023665 C283.468472,24.8929157 281.30953,25.770162 279.731807,27.3351021 C277.829464,29.3893947 276.433278,31.8401942 275.649715,34.5006143 L265.172343,65.4627041 L254.286763,32.1563418 C252.789903,27.9667884 248.72149,25.1735255 244.172245,25.2119874 C243.049547,25.2080819 241.93288,25.3721731 240.861213,25.6985345 C236.395927,26.907617 233.300663,30.8659953 233.286664,35.3852455 C233.292441,36.4539004 233.476263,37.514538 233.830943,38.525686 L250.88502,87.534251 C252.814737,92.5184864 257.614164,95.8939425 263.072999,96.1061084 C268.531837,96.3182743 273.591504,93.3260067 275.921853,88.5073452 L285.854946,60.3760751 C285.854946,60.3760751 295.606612,88.1534927 295.924108,88.8169662 C298.36148,93.5505392 303.452086,96.417114 308.874474,96.109455 C314.296861,95.8017958 319.012224,92.3788433 320.87023,87.4015563 L338.151088,38.3487598 C338.489785,37.3946215 338.673428,36.3947091 338.695367,35.3852455 C338.650917,30.9766575 335.675046,27.107248 331.3476,25.8312292 L331.3476,25.6985345 Z M65.6940831,69.5320073 C63.9609133,67.7831467 61.5658566,66.8072932 59.0720217,66.8338823 C57.4372357,66.8242589 55.8441861,67.3369255 54.5363632,68.2935237 C53.1520589,69.3172081 51.8620566,70.4568126 50.6810535,71.6993536 C46.9878269,75.8199887 41.5947003,78.1087821 35.9855201,77.9360031 C32.3645355,78.0403755 28.7944186,77.0852563 25.7349319,75.1936467 L64.4240987,52.5913211 C66.3067035,51.4919927 67.4075936,49.4641125 67.2815635,47.3277658 C67.0405801,44.1365973 65.8941815,41.0736842 63.9705329,38.4814544 C57.984748,30.3484102 48.4257775,25.4335406 38.1626361,25.2119874 L36.529799,25.2119874 C17.0155283,25.3377144 1.04309409,40.3882686 0.244531153,59.4029808 L0.244531153,60.9953168 C0.165955884,79.9913306 15.3572131,95.719535 34.8062488,96.7786463 L36.3937293,96.7786463 C46.5731181,96.7754918 56.283027,92.6026841 63.1541143,85.2784415 C63.6832517,84.8177893 64.1551602,84.2982051 64.5601685,83.7303371 C64.9679541,83.2930451 65.3324287,82.819133 65.6487265,82.3149272 C68.8428434,78.7065151 68.6451024,73.3071015 65.1951607,69.9300914 L65.6940831,69.5320073 Z M18.0243124,61.0395484 C18.0122683,56.2533213 19.9504066,51.6584612 23.4123557,48.2657925 C26.8743048,44.8731238 31.5764777,42.9605583 36.4844425,42.9488416 C40.1741991,42.9313897 43.7817021,44.0114842 46.8257439,46.0450507 L18.1150256,62.6318845 L18.1150256,61.0395484 L18.0243124,61.0395484 Z"></path>
</g>
<g transform="translate(279.669288, 29.059006)">
<mask id="logo-placemarker-mask" fill="white">
<use xlink:href="#logo-path-1"></use>
</mask>
<polygon fill="#F0F0F0" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="43.703022 -1.10224266 129.437624 38.8764586 84.3960439 135.468438 -1.33855767 95.4897366"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="16.7506998 77.1747342 55.1810017 77.1747342 55.1810017 120.471826 72.9180641 120.471826 72.9180641 77.1747342 111.348366 77.1747342 111.348366 57.191461 72.9180641 57.191461 72.9180641 13.8943691 55.1810017 13.8943691 55.1810017 57.191461 16.7506998 57.191461"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="90.4261282 81.5075473 111.348366 105.274755 111.348366 81.5075473"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="78.4448219 83.4013973 111.348366 120.471826 111.348366 109.988934 87.7493892 83.4013973"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="102.58404 120.471826 76.3902098 87.1178959 76.3902098 121.324659"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#F0F0F0" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="78.4448219 83.4013973 111.348366 120.471826 111.348366 109.988934 87.7493892 83.4013973"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="76.6086856 81.3965639 111.348366 120.471826 111.348366 109.988934 87.1279499 81.3965639"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="37.2015577 81.7424392 18.2330662 103.031282 16.7093963 81.7424392"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="50.6589821 86.4191614 50.6589821 120.471202 20.9370161 120.471202"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="42.3114113 81.8690867 16.7506998 109.989142 16.7506998 120.471826 50.0470704 81.8690867"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="38.7055288 53.8266153 16.7506998 29.0914402 16.7506998 53.8266153"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="49.6542439 50.964798 16.7506998 13.8943691 16.7506998 24.3772611 40.3496766 50.964798"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="21.2067571 13.8943691 51.5345412 46.5135764 51.5345412 13.8943691"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#F0F0F0" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="49.6542439 50.964798 16.7506998 13.8943691 16.7506998 24.3772611 40.3496766 50.964798"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="52.5603777 53.1839634 15.716837 11.6745791 15.716837 23.4127329 42.1416458 53.1839634"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="91.7040633 53.0776723 109.932956 32.1093407 111.348366 53.0776723"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="77.2493597 47.1745831 77.2493597 13.8949935 107.16205 13.8949935"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="86.1589045 52.9932091 111.348366 24.377053 111.348366 13.8943691 76.8953125 52.9932091"></polygon>
</g>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dropdown-section references">
<input type="checkbox" class="dropdown-input" id="references-input-39186">
<label for="references-input-39186" class="dropdown-label">References</label>
<ul class="dropdown-content"><li>
<a href="http://www.usg.edu/galileo/skills/ollc_glossary.phtml" aria-label="http://www.usg.edu/galileo/skills/ollc_glossary.phtml" rel="nofollow">
University System of Georgia: Online Library Learning Center Glossary
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.ffiec.gov/ffiecinfobase/booklets/e_banking/ebanking_04_appx_b_glossary.html" aria-label="http://www.ffiec.gov/ffiecinfobase/booklets/e_banking/ebanking_04_appx_b_glossary.html" rel="nofollow">
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council: E-Banking
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_entities.asp" aria-label="http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_entities.asp" rel="nofollow">
W3Schools: HTML Entities
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/obsolete.html" aria-label="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/obsolete.html" rel="nofollow">
World Wide Web Consortium: 11 Obsolete Features --- HTML5
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=2weL0iAfrEMC&pg=PT230&lpg=PT230&dq=javascript+replace+global+gi++-blog+-blogs+-%22how+can+I%22+-%22how+do+I%22+-%22how+do+you%22+-%22what+is%22+-%22can+anyone%22+-youtube&source=bl&ots=_81AsD--9I&sig=TGPEqsRViSA3kpH7gARY2cQhM74&hl=en&ei=1s2STK-iDoPGlQeUr_CqCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=31&ved=0CL8BEOgBMB4#v=onepage&q=javascript%20replace%20global%20gi%20%20-blog%20-blogs%20-%22how%20can%20I%22%20-%22how%20do%20I%22%20-%22how%20do%20you%22%20-%22what%20is%22%20-%22can%20anyone%22%20-youtube&f=false" aria-label="http://books.google.com/books?id=2weL0iAfrEMC&pg=PT230&lpg=PT230&dq=javascript+replace+global+gi++-blog+-blogs+-%22how+can+I%22+-%22how+do+I%22+-%22how+do+you%22+-%22what+is%22+-%22can+anyone%22+-youtube&source=bl&ots=_81AsD--9I&sig=TGPEqsRViSA3kpH7gARY2cQhM74&hl=en&ei=1s2STK-iDoPGlQeUr_CqCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=31&ved=0CL8BEOgBMB4#v=onepage&q=javascript%20replace%20global%20gi%20%20-blog%20-blogs%20-%22how%20can%20I%22%20-%22how%20do%20I%22%20-%22how%20do%20you%22%20-%22what%20is%22%20-%22can%20anyone%22%20-youtube&f=false" rel="nofollow">
"JavaScript: The Definitive Guide"; David Flanagan; 2006
</a>
</li></ul>
</div>
<div class="dropdown-section resources">
<input type="checkbox" class="dropdown-input" id="resources-input-39186">
<label for="resources-input-39186" class="dropdown-label">Resources</label>
<ul class="dropdown-content"><li>
<a href="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_marquee_tag.htm" aria-label="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_marquee_tag.htm" rel="nofollow">
Tutorials Point: HTML Marquee Tag
</a>
</li></ul>
</div>
<div class="dropdown-section tips">
<input type="checkbox" class="dropdown-input" id="tips-input-39186">
<label for="tips-input-39186" class="dropdown-label">Tips</label>
<ul class="dropdown-content"><li>
Note that the "<marquee>" tag in the body of the HTML has an id of "Marquee1." Name the ID anything you like. It must, however, match the value that you set for MarqueeID in the JavaScript function.
</li></ul>
</div>
<div class="dropdown-section author">
<input type="checkbox" class="dropdown-input" id="writer-input-39186">
<label for="writer-input-39186" class="dropdown-label">About the Author</label>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<div style="background-image:url(https://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/60x60p/s3.amazonaws.com/cme_public_images/www_demandstudios_com/sitelife.studiod.com/ver1.0/Content/images/store/11/7/1b556006-7995-430e-9773-3863f442c046.Small.png);width:60px;height:60px;"></div>
<p>After majoring in physics, Kevin Lee began writing professionally in 1989 when, as a software developer, he also created technical articles for the Johnson Space Center. Today this urban Texas cowboy continues to crank out high-quality software as well as non-technical articles covering a multitude of diverse topics ranging from gaming to current affairs. </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dropdown-section photo-credits">
<input type="checkbox" class="dropdown-input" id="photo-input-39186">
<label for="photo-input-39186" class="dropdown-label">Photo Credits</label>
<ul class="dropdown-content">
<li>Internet image by Leticia Wilson from <a href="http://fotolia.com">Fotolia.com</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div data-ad-unit-name="revcontent" data-ad-unit-index="1" class="main-ad no-print"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-right-col-container">
<div class="sticky-container">
<div data-ad-unit-name="adsense-desktop-link" data-ad-unit-index="1" class="rightrail-link-unit no-print"></div>
<div data-ad-unit-name="rightrail" data-ad-unit-index="1" class="rightrail-display-ad no-print"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-divider">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100" viewBox="0 0 299 106">
<g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd">
<g fill="#d5d5d5" fill-rule="nonzero" transform="translate(0 -1)">
<path d="M85.0221951 8.44363636C85.0328421 6.44269041 84.228852 4.51957169 82.7870991 3.09735814 81.3453463 1.67514459 79.3839358.870340737 77.3343697.86L73.8908646.86C69.6164133.881510866 66.1629418 4.27052823 66.1629985 8.44363636L66.1629985 77.8690909C66.1629418 82.042199 69.6164133 85.4312164 73.8908646 85.4527273L77.2542882 85.4527273C81.5222708 85.4527273 84.9821543 82.0749192 84.9821543 77.9081818L84.9821543 8.44363636M195.254399 31.5072727C182.493055 19.9814172 162.67816 20.3786491 150.41222 32.4062301 138.14628 44.433811 137.826269 63.7802121 149.688017 76.1881818 162.449361 87.7140373 182.264256 87.3168054 194.530196 75.2892245 206.796136 63.2616435 207.116147 43.9152425 195.254399 31.5072727zM172.471208 69.6990909C163.516075 69.8063591 156.167309 62.8061959 156.056979 54.0635018 155.94665 45.3208076 163.116533 38.146014 172.071655 38.0378574 181.026777 37.9297009 188.376271 44.929135 188.487511 53.6718182 188.488196 62.2317859 181.438688 69.2011822 172.671412 69.3081818L172.471208 69.6990909zM133.631674 8.44363636C133.631731 4.27052823 130.178259.881510866 125.903808.86L122.540384.86C120.479887.855026502 118.503586 1.65777734 117.054801 3.08818182 115.611839 4.51391193 114.805677 6.43934459 114.812518 8.44363636L114.812518 34.83 87.7049258 34.83C88.0007702 38.7221227 89.5098374 42.4325781 92.0293275 45.4627273 95.4254714 49.3449349 100.458018 51.4917429 105.683226 51.2872727L114.812518 51.2872727 114.812518 77.8690909C114.816312 79.8789776 115.637204 81.8051935 117.094841 83.2245455 118.543627 84.6549499 120.519927 85.4577008 122.580425 85.4527273L125.943849 85.4527273C130.2183 85.4312164 133.671771 82.042199 133.671715 77.8690909L133.671715 8.44363636M292.513397 22.7118182C291.567332 22.4233869 290.581539 22.2783666 289.590422 22.2818182 285.574352 22.2478264 281.982759 24.7164527 280.661333 28.4190909L270.97147 58.2454545 261.521852 29.6309091C260.85224 27.560238 259.653362 25.6902282 258.038306 24.1972727 256.463251 22.765991 254.384002 21.9820201 252.232396 22.0081818 250.245741 21.9998294 248.339829 22.775121 246.947016 24.1581818 245.267629 25.9737219 244.035077 28.1396864 243.343348 30.4909091L234.093933 57.8545455 224.484151 28.4190909C223.162725 24.7164527 219.571133 22.2478264 215.555063 22.2818182 214.563946 22.2783666 213.578153 22.4233869 212.632087 22.7118182 208.690136 23.7803796 205.957639 27.2787101 205.945281 31.2727273 205.950381 32.2171818 206.112659 33.1545507 206.42577 34.0481818L221.481095 77.3609091C223.184648 81.7658704 227.421578 84.7490267 232.240634 84.9365344 237.059691 85.1240421 241.526361 82.4795396 243.583592 78.2209091L252.352518 53.3590909C252.352518 53.3590909 260.961281 77.9081818 261.241566 78.4945455 263.393276 82.6779767 267.887259 85.2113945 272.674139 84.939492 277.461018 84.6675894 281.623737 81.6424568 283.263983 77.2436364L298.519511 33.8918182C298.818512 33.0485711 298.980632 32.1648698 299 31.2727273 298.960759 27.376511 296.333663 23.9568092 292.513397 22.8290909M57.9946841 61.4509091C56.4646432 59.9053033 54.3502891 59.0428647 52.1487336 59.0663636 50.7055458 59.0578586 49.2992029 59.5109425 48.1446579 60.3563636 46.9225952 61.2610741 45.7837822 62.2682323 44.7411936 63.3663636 41.4808161 67.0080933 36.7197682 69.0308802 31.7679884 68.8781818 28.5713861 68.9704239 25.4196898 68.1263099 22.7187773 66.4545455L56.8735429 46.4790909C58.5355049 45.5075279 59.5073698 43.7153305 59.3961106 41.8272727 59.1833706 39.0069859 58.1713308 36.3000484 56.4731354 34.0090909 51.1888893 26.8212794 42.7502377 22.4776222 33.6899447 22.2818182L32.2484774 22.2818182C15.0212948 22.392933.920842634 35.6942927.215871907 52.4990909L.215871907 53.9063636C.146505722 70.6946365 13.5573355 84.594889 30.7269287 85.5309091L32.1283552 85.5309091C41.1147115 85.5281212 49.6866113 81.8402825 55.7524017 75.3672727 56.2195238 74.9601581 56.6361242 74.5009606 56.9936652 73.9990909 57.353658 73.6126216 57.6754159 73.1937881 57.9546434 72.7481818 60.7744072 69.5591439 60.5998416 64.787257 57.5542358 61.8027273L57.9946841 61.4509091zM15.9118486 53.9454545C15.9012161 49.7154888 17.612203 45.6546492 20.6684089 42.6562808 23.7246148 39.6579123 27.8756893 37.9676276 32.2084367 37.9572727 35.4657509 37.941849 38.6504517 38.8964136 41.3377293 40.6936364L15.9919301 55.3527273 15.9919301 53.9454545 15.9118486 53.9454545z"/>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
</div>
</article>
<div class="fixed-bottom-ad">
<div data-ad-unit-name="adhesion" data-ad-unit-index="1" class="fixed-bottom-ad adhesion no-print"></div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<div class="row">
<ul class="categories-container">
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/food/" aria-label="category">Food</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/home/" aria-label="category">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/style/" aria-label="category">Style</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/money/" aria-label="category">Money</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/health/" aria-label="category">Health</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/hobbies/" aria-label="category">Hobbies</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/lifestyle/" aria-label="category">Lifestyle</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/family/" aria-label="category">Family</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/science-and-education/" aria-label="category">Science & Education</a>
</li>
<li class="category">
<a href="//www.ehow.co.uk/computers-and-electronics/" aria-label="category">Computers & Electronics</a>
</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" aria-label="policy item" data-event="footer-nav" href="//www.ehow.co.uk/about">About us</a></li>
<li><a data-event="footer-nav" aria-label="policy item" href="//www.ehow.co.uk/terms-of-use">Terms of use</a></li>
<li><a data-event="footer-nav" aria-label="policy item" href="//www.ehow.co.uk/privacy">Privacy policy</a></li>
<li><a data-event="footer-nav" aria-label="policy item" href="//www.ehow.co.uk/copyright-policy">Copyright</a></li>
<li>
<a id="_bapw-link" href="#" target="_blank" aria-label="bapw">
<span>AdChoices</span>
<img alt="adchoices" id="_bapw-icon"/>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="brand-container">
<a class="logo" aria-label="logo" href="//www.ehow.co.uk">
<svg class="euk-logo" width="150px" viewBox="0 0 387 155" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<defs>
<path d="M36.4235115,120.78917 C27.6434414,77.2374047 26.292127,48.9449649 32.3695682,35.9118501 C41.4857301,16.3621779 64.921857,7.99641821 84.7156228,17.2264028 C104.509389,26.4563873 113.165297,49.7869088 104.049135,69.336581 C97.9716937,82.3696958 75.4298193,99.5205587 36.4235115,120.78917 Z" id="logo-path-1"></path>
</defs>
<g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd">
<g transform="translate(-0.817856, -0.640727)">
<path d="M224.46881,139.438983 L224.46881,121.494541 C224.46881,119.967347 224.812424,118.821968 225.499661,118.058371 C226.186898,117.294774 227.090475,116.912981 228.210417,116.912981 C229.381266,116.912981 230.310295,117.294774 230.997533,118.058371 C231.68477,118.821968 232.028384,119.967347 232.028384,121.494541 L232.028384,139.846233 C232.028384,141.933398 232.261702,143.676919 232.728344,145.076847 C233.194987,146.476775 234.022205,147.562763 235.210022,148.334845 C236.39784,149.106926 238.06076,149.492961 240.198832,149.492961 C243.151407,149.492961 245.238541,148.708165 246.460297,147.138549 C247.682052,145.568932 248.292921,143.18909 248.292921,139.998951 L248.292921,121.494541 C248.292921,119.950378 248.632292,118.800757 249.311045,118.045644 C249.989798,117.290532 250.897617,116.912981 252.034528,116.912981 C253.171439,116.912981 254.091984,117.290532 254.79619,118.045644 C255.500396,118.800757 255.852494,119.950378 255.852494,121.494541 L255.852494,139.438983 C255.852494,142.357621 255.568271,144.792611 254.999815,146.744025 C254.431359,148.69544 253.358097,150.409266 251.779997,151.885554 C250.422491,153.141247 248.844414,154.057549 247.045718,154.634489 C245.247023,155.211429 243.14292,155.499895 240.733347,155.499895 C237.865616,155.499895 235.396689,155.190219 233.326492,154.570857 C231.256296,153.951495 229.567923,152.99277 228.261323,151.694655 C226.954724,150.39654 225.996,148.73362 225.385122,146.705846 C224.774244,144.678071 224.46881,142.255808 224.46881,139.438983 Z M271.633422,121.494541 L271.633422,134.577439 L286.472585,119.101948 C287.185276,118.35532 287.791902,117.803842 288.292482,117.447496 C288.793063,117.091151 289.459079,116.912981 290.290551,116.912981 C291.376556,116.912981 292.25468,117.231142 292.924948,117.867473 C293.595217,118.503804 293.930346,119.280116 293.930346,120.196432 C293.930346,121.299406 293.361899,122.393879 292.224988,123.479883 L283.036415,132.184847 L293.624909,147.3549 C294.371537,148.406967 294.9315,149.327512 295.304814,150.116562 C295.678128,150.905613 295.864782,151.673441 295.864782,152.420069 C295.864782,153.251541 295.538137,153.972706 294.884838,154.583583 C294.231538,155.194461 293.34493,155.499895 292.224988,155.499895 C291.172921,155.499895 290.316008,155.275062 289.654224,154.825388 C288.99244,154.375714 288.432477,153.777572 287.974318,153.030944 C287.51616,152.284315 287.108915,151.605572 286.752569,150.994695 L277.818528,137.250016 L271.633422,143.18059 L271.633422,150.892882 C271.633422,152.454014 271.277082,153.612119 270.564392,154.367232 C269.851701,155.122344 268.935398,155.499895 267.815456,155.499895 C267.17064,155.499895 266.551288,155.330209 265.957379,154.990833 C265.36347,154.651456 264.905318,154.193305 264.582911,153.616365 C264.345347,153.141238 264.201114,152.589759 264.150208,151.961913 C264.099301,151.334066 264.073849,150.426248 264.073849,149.23843 L264.073849,121.494541 C264.073849,119.967347 264.408978,118.821968 265.079246,118.058371 C265.749515,117.294774 266.661576,116.912981 267.815456,116.912981 C268.952367,116.912981 269.872912,117.290532 270.577118,118.045644 C271.281324,118.800757 271.633422,119.950378 271.633422,121.494541 Z" fill="#FFFFFF"></path>
<g transform="translate(0.640856, 0.303395)" fill="#FBFBFB" fill-rule="nonzero">
<path d="M96.3097779,9.55401627 C96.3218384,7.28993604 95.4111103,5.1139177 93.7779496,3.50467604 C92.1447891,1.89543438 89.9229809,0.984794845 87.6013136,0.97309425 L83.7006473,0.97309425 C78.858718,0.997433901 74.9467621,4.8321238 74.9468264,9.55401627 L74.9468264,88.1092612 C74.9467621,92.8311536 78.858718,96.6658436 83.7006473,96.6901832 L87.5106004,96.6901832 C92.3452022,96.6901832 96.2644213,92.8681767 96.2644213,88.1534927 L96.2644213,9.55401627 L96.3097779,9.55401627 Z M221.176456,35.6506348 C206.720911,22.6090723 184.275382,23.0585422 170.38101,36.6678095 C156.486639,50.2770767 156.124143,72.1676252 169.560662,86.2073042 C184.016207,99.2488667 206.461736,98.7993968 220.356108,85.1901296 C234.250479,71.5808623 234.612975,49.6903139 221.176456,35.6506348 Z M195.368559,78.8648658 C185.224539,78.9862403 176.900147,71.065521 176.77517,61.1731195 C176.650194,51.2807178 184.771953,43.1624034 194.915961,43.0400236 C205.059969,42.917644 213.385185,50.8375383 213.511193,60.7299275 C213.511969,70.4155733 205.526566,78.3014797 195.595342,78.4225502 L195.368559,78.8648658 Z M151.372672,9.55401627 C151.372737,4.8321238 147.46078,0.997433901 142.618851,0.97309425 L138.808898,0.97309425 C136.474848,0.967466713 134.236173,1.87578325 132.595046,3.49429299 C130.960516,5.10751366 130.047328,7.28615023 130.055077,9.55401627 L130.055077,39.4103171 L99.3486691,39.4103171 C99.6837899,43.8142732 101.393202,48.0126718 104.24718,51.4413006 C108.094198,55.8340377 113.794867,58.2631616 119.713776,58.0318025 L130.055077,58.0318025 L130.055077,88.1092612 C130.059374,90.3834579 130.989248,92.5629807 132.640402,94.1689845 C134.281529,95.7874942 136.520204,96.6958108 138.854254,96.6901832 L142.664208,96.6901832 C147.506137,96.6658436 151.418092,92.8311536 151.418029,88.1092612 L151.418029,9.55401627 L151.372672,9.55401627 Z M331.3476,25.6985345 C330.275935,25.3721731 329.159268,25.2080819 328.03657,25.2119874 C323.487325,25.1735255 319.41891,27.9667884 317.922051,32.1563418 L306.945758,65.9050196 L296.241604,33.5275201 C295.483094,31.1845455 294.125053,29.0686202 292.295581,27.3793336 C290.511421,25.7598313 288.15613,24.8727644 285.718876,24.9023665 C283.468472,24.8929157 281.30953,25.770162 279.731807,27.3351021 C277.829464,29.3893947 276.433278,31.8401942 275.649715,34.5006143 L265.172343,65.4627041 L254.286763,32.1563418 C252.789903,27.9667884 248.72149,25.1735255 244.172245,25.2119874 C243.049547,25.2080819 241.93288,25.3721731 240.861213,25.6985345 C236.395927,26.907617 233.300663,30.8659953 233.286664,35.3852455 C233.292441,36.4539004 233.476263,37.514538 233.830943,38.525686 L250.88502,87.534251 C252.814737,92.5184864 257.614164,95.8939425 263.072999,96.1061084 C268.531837,96.3182743 273.591504,93.3260067 275.921853,88.5073452 L285.854946,60.3760751 C285.854946,60.3760751 295.606612,88.1534927 295.924108,88.8169662 C298.36148,93.5505392 303.452086,96.417114 308.874474,96.109455 C314.296861,95.8017958 319.012224,92.3788433 320.87023,87.4015563 L338.151088,38.3487598 C338.489785,37.3946215 338.673428,36.3947091 338.695367,35.3852455 C338.650917,30.9766575 335.675046,27.107248 331.3476,25.8312292 L331.3476,25.6985345 Z M65.6940831,69.5320073 C63.9609133,67.7831467 61.5658566,66.8072932 59.0720217,66.8338823 C57.4372357,66.8242589 55.8441861,67.3369255 54.5363632,68.2935237 C53.1520589,69.3172081 51.8620566,70.4568126 50.6810535,71.6993536 C46.9878269,75.8199887 41.5947003,78.1087821 35.9855201,77.9360031 C32.3645355,78.0403755 28.7944186,77.0852563 25.7349319,75.1936467 L64.4240987,52.5913211 C66.3067035,51.4919927 67.4075936,49.4641125 67.2815635,47.3277658 C67.0405801,44.1365973 65.8941815,41.0736842 63.9705329,38.4814544 C57.984748,30.3484102 48.4257775,25.4335406 38.1626361,25.2119874 L36.529799,25.2119874 C17.0155283,25.3377144 1.04309409,40.3882686 0.244531153,59.4029808 L0.244531153,60.9953168 C0.165955884,79.9913306 15.3572131,95.719535 34.8062488,96.7786463 L36.3937293,96.7786463 C46.5731181,96.7754918 56.283027,92.6026841 63.1541143,85.2784415 C63.6832517,84.8177893 64.1551602,84.2982051 64.5601685,83.7303371 C64.9679541,83.2930451 65.3324287,82.819133 65.6487265,82.3149272 C68.8428434,78.7065151 68.6451024,73.3071015 65.1951607,69.9300914 L65.6940831,69.5320073 Z M18.0243124,61.0395484 C18.0122683,56.2533213 19.9504066,51.6584612 23.4123557,48.2657925 C26.8743048,44.8731238 31.5764777,42.9605583 36.4844425,42.9488416 C40.1741991,42.9313897 43.7817021,44.0114842 46.8257439,46.0450507 L18.1150256,62.6318845 L18.1150256,61.0395484 L18.0243124,61.0395484 Z"></path>
</g>
<g transform="translate(279.669288, 29.059006)">
<mask id="logo-placemarker-mask" fill="white">
<use xlink:href="#logo-path-1"></use>
</mask>
<polygon fill="#F0F0F0" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="43.703022 -1.10224266 129.437624 38.8764586 84.3960439 135.468438 -1.33855767 95.4897366"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="16.7506998 77.1747342 55.1810017 77.1747342 55.1810017 120.471826 72.9180641 120.471826 72.9180641 77.1747342 111.348366 77.1747342 111.348366 57.191461 72.9180641 57.191461 72.9180641 13.8943691 55.1810017 13.8943691 55.1810017 57.191461 16.7506998 57.191461"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="90.4261282 81.5075473 111.348366 105.274755 111.348366 81.5075473"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="78.4448219 83.4013973 111.348366 120.471826 111.348366 109.988934 87.7493892 83.4013973"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="102.58404 120.471826 76.3902098 87.1178959 76.3902098 121.324659"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#F0F0F0" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="78.4448219 83.4013973 111.348366 120.471826 111.348366 109.988934 87.7493892 83.4013973"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="76.6086856 81.3965639 111.348366 120.471826 111.348366 109.988934 87.1279499 81.3965639"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="37.2015577 81.7424392 18.2330662 103.031282 16.7093963 81.7424392"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="50.6589821 86.4191614 50.6589821 120.471202 20.9370161 120.471202"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="42.3114113 81.8690867 16.7506998 109.989142 16.7506998 120.471826 50.0470704 81.8690867"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="38.7055288 53.8266153 16.7506998 29.0914402 16.7506998 53.8266153"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="49.6542439 50.964798 16.7506998 13.8943691 16.7506998 24.3772611 40.3496766 50.964798"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="21.2067571 13.8943691 51.5345412 46.5135764 51.5345412 13.8943691"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#F0F0F0" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="49.6542439 50.964798 16.7506998 13.8943691 16.7506998 24.3772611 40.3496766 50.964798"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="52.5603777 53.1839634 15.716837 11.6745791 15.716837 23.4127329 42.1416458 53.1839634"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="91.7040633 53.0776723 109.932956 32.1093407 111.348366 53.0776723"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#0052B4" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="77.2493597 47.1745831 77.2493597 13.8949935 107.16205 13.8949935"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#D80027" fill-rule="nonzero" mask="url(#logo-placemarker-mask)" points="86.1589045 52.9932091 111.348366 24.377053 111.348366 13.8943691 76.8953125 52.9932091"></polygon>
</g>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
</a>
<div class="social-links">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="" aria-label="facebook" data-event="footer follow" data-info="Facebook">
<svg height="30" class="facebook-social" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M448 80v352c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48h-85.3V302.8h60.6l8.7-67.6h-69.3V192c0-19.6 5.4-32.9 33.5-32.9H384V98.7c-6.2-.8-27.4-2.7-52.2-2.7-51.6 0-87 31.5-87 89.4v49.9H184v67.6h60.9V480H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V80c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h352c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48z"/></svg>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="" aria-label="twitter" data-event="footer follow" data-info="Twitter">
<svg height="30" class="twitter-social" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M400 32H48C21.5 32 0 53.5 0 80v352c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h352c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V80c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48zm-48.9 158.8c.2 2.8.2 5.7.2 8.5 0 86.7-66 186.6-186.6 186.6-37.2 0-71.7-10.8-100.7-29.4 5.3.6 10.4.8 15.8.8 30.7 0 58.9-10.4 81.4-28-28.8-.6-53-19.5-61.3-45.5 10.1 1.5 19.2 1.5 29.6-1.2-30-6.1-52.5-32.5-52.5-64.4v-.8c8.7 4.9 18.9 7.9 29.6 8.3a65.447 65.447 0 0 1-29.2-54.6c0-12.2 3.2-23.4 8.9-33.1 32.3 39.8 80.8 65.8 135.2 68.6-9.3-44.5 24-80.6 64-80.6 18.9 0 35.9 7.9 47.9 20.7 14.8-2.8 29-8.3 41.6-15.8-4.9 15.2-15.2 28-28.8 36.1 13.2-1.4 26-5.1 37.8-10.2-8.9 13.1-20.1 24.7-32.9 34z"/></svg>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="" aria-label="pinterest" data-event="footer follow" data-info="Pinterest">
<svg height="30" class="pinterest-social" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M448 80v352c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H154.4c9.8-16.4 22.4-40 27.4-59.3 3-11.5 15.3-58.4 15.3-58.4 8 15.3 31.4 28.2 56.3 28.2 74.1 0 127.4-68.1 127.4-152.7 0-81.1-66.2-141.8-151.4-141.8-106 0-162.2 71.1-162.2 148.6 0 36 19.2 80.8 49.8 95.1 4.7 2.2 7.1 1.2 8.2-3.3.8-3.4 5-20.1 6.8-27.8.6-2.5.3-4.6-1.7-7-10.1-12.3-18.3-34.9-18.3-56 0-54.2 41-106.6 110.9-106.6 60.3 0 102.6 41.1 102.6 99.9 0 66.4-33.5 112.4-77.2 112.4-24.1 0-42.1-19.9-36.4-44.4 6.9-29.2 20.3-60.7 20.3-81.8 0-53-75.5-45.7-75.5 25 0 21.7 7.3 36.5 7.3 36.5-31.4 132.8-36.1 134.5-29.6 192.6l2.2.8H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V80c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h352c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48z"/></svg>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="copyright-text">
Copyright 2019 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
var ev = document.createElement('script'); ev.type = 'text/javascript'; ev.async = true; ev.setAttribute('data-ev-tag-pid', 46); ev.setAttribute('data-ev-tag-ocid', 374);
ev.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://' : 'http://') + 'c.betrad.com/pub/tag.js';
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ev, s);
})();
</script>
</footer>
<script src=//www.ehow.co.uk/dist/js/main-web.js></script>
<div id="out-of-page"></div>
</body>
</html>