- Considered an early warning sign, fatigue develops because the cells in the body are not receiving enough glucose, the main source of energy. As part of the digestive process, food is broken down into chemical compounds, like glucose, that the body needs for normal activity. In canine diabetes, a decreased amount of insulin production inhibits the glucose from entering the cells, therefore resulting in fatigue.
- Because insulin is necessary to allow glucose to enter the cells, an insufficient amount of this hormone affects the way food is used by the body. When the cells are deprived of glucose, normal metabolism is accelerated as the body attempts to find alternative energy sources. Weight is lost as fat and protein are improperly consumed.
- The dog's appetite will increase and may become ravenous in an attempt to provide the necessary energy for the body. Food is not utilized correctly in a diabetic condition. Although the dog may consume more calories, without the right amount of insulin in the body, there remains a need for a usable form of energy. Therefore, the brain will continue to send signals to the body for food.
- If the insulin level is inadequate, the glucose from food will not enter the cells but will go into the bloodstream. The kidneys will attempt to filter the increase of sugar in the blood, which results in a larger volume of urine.
- As the urine production increases, the dog will become thirstier because too much fluid is leaving the body. Dehydration can occur at this point.
- This symptom occurs at a later stage in the disease. If high blood glucose levels remain untreated, water builds up behind the lens of the eye. Cataracts develop when the lens fibers tear. This situation cannot be reversed.
